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Efecto del entrenamiento de músculos
abdominales sobre la función respiratoria
en adolescentes sanos. Estudio piloto
Iván Rodríguez N.*
,
**
,
***, Marcos Alarcón S.****, Carolina Gutiérrez G.****,
Paola Hermosilla R.****, Tania Contreras G.* y Claudio Báez R.*
Effect of abdominal muscle training on respiratory function in healthy adolescents.
A preliminar study
The respiratory muscle training has been used to improve muscle strength and optimize the
mechanism of cough. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of abdominal muscle training on
respiratory muscle strength (MIP, MEP), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and peak cough flow (PCF) in
healthy adolescents. The study design was quasi-experimental, variables of respiratory function were
assessed before and after the muscle training protocol in a sample of sedentary healthy adolescents
without gender restriction. The sample size calculated was 15 subjects. The training protocol consisted
in 8 weeks of training divided into two stages (basic and advanced training plan) twice a week. Des-
criptive statistics were performed, tests for normality (Shapiro Wilk ), U Mann Whitney test, Pearson
coefficient and t -student test were used. Results are expressed as mean and its standard deviation. It
was considered significant a p value < 0,05. Seventeen subjects (8 males and 9 females) entered to the
study, all subjects performed the protocol and completed it without incidents. After completing the tra-
ining protocol the sit-up test performance increased 21.7% (p = 0.0001), the MIP increase 16,5 cmH
2
O
(17.1%) (p = 0.006), MEP increased 34.9 cm H
2
O (50,2 % ) (p = 0.0001). Moreover, PEF increased
35.3 L / min (8.3% ) (p = 0.003 ) and PCF increased 36.6 L / min (9,1 %). There was no correlation
between sit-up test performance and lung function variables. PEF showed only a moderate correlation
with PCF (r = 0.6; p = 0.007 ) and MEP (r = 0.59; p = 0.01). We conclude that, in this sample, increa-
ses in respiratory muscle strength, PEF and PCF were observed after abdominal muscle training. No
association between abdominal muscle strength and respiratory function variables was found before
initiating the training protocol.
Key words:
Respiratory muscle training, peak expiratory flow, respiratory muscles, abdominal
muscles, cough.
Resumen
El entrenamiento muscular respiratorio ha sido utilizado para mejorar la fuerza de los músculos
y optimizar el mecanismo de la tos. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el efecto del entrenamiento
de músculos abdominales sobre la fuerza de los músculos respiratorios (Pimax, Pemax), flujo es-
piratorio máximo (FEM) y flujo máximo de tos (FMT) en adolescentes sanos. Este estudio es cuasi
experimental, donde se evaluaron las variables de función respiratoria antes y después del protocolo
de entrenamiento. La muestra estuvo integrada por adolescentes sanos sedentarios sin restricción
de sexo. La muestra mínima estimada fue de 15 sujetos. El protocolo de entrenamiento consistió en
8 semanas de entrenamiento dividido en 2 etapas (plan básico y avanzado de ejercicios) dos veces
por semana. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, pruebas de normalidad (Shapiro Wilk); se utilizó test
* Docente Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián. Concepción. Chile.
** Docente Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Concepción, Chile.
*** Kinesiólogo, Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Dr. Guillermo Grant Benavente. Concepción. Chile.
**** Interno/a Kinesiología. Universidad San Sebastián Concepción. Chile.
Rev Chil Enf Respir 2014; 30: 203-211
trabajo original