43 / 82
301
Sullivan A F, Forgey T F, Clark S. Prospec-
tive multicenter study of children with bronchiolitis
requiring mechanical ventilation Pediatris 2012; 130:
492-500.
30.- Jozwik A, Habibi M S, Paras A, Zhu J, Guve-
nel A, et al. RSV-specific airway resident memory
CD8+T cells and differential disease severity after
experimental human infection Nature Commun. 2015.
21;6:10224. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1022.
31- Johnston J, Majumdar S R, Fox J D, Marrie
T J. Viral infection in adults hospitalized with commu-
nity-acquired pneumonia: prevalence, pathogens, and
presentation. Chest 2008; 134 : 1141-8.
32.- Volling C. Respiratory syncytial virus infection-
associated hospitalization in adults: a retrospective
cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14: 665.
33.- van Asten L, van Den Wijngaard C, van
Pelt W van DE, Kassteele j, Meijer A, et al.
Mortality attributable to 9 common infections: signifi-
cant effect of influenza A, respiratory syncytial virus,
influenza B, norovirus, and parainfluenza in elderly
persons J Infect Dis 2012; 206: 628-39.
34.- Malloy A M, Falsey A R, Ruckwardt T J.
Consequences of inmature and senescent e immune
responses for infection with respiratory syncytial virus.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2013; 372: 211-31.
35.- Hasegawa K J, Jartti T, Mansbach J M,
Laham F R, Jewell A M, Espinola J A, et al
Respiratory syncytial virus genomic load and disease
severity. J Infect Dis 2015; 211: 1550-9.
36.- Scagnolari C, MidullaF, Selvaggi C, Mon-
teleone K, Bonci E, Papoff P, et al. Evaluation
of viral load in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis
caused by respiratory syncytial virus. Med Microb Im-
munol 2012; 201: 311-7.
37.- Brint M E, Hughes J M, Shah A, Miller C R,
Harrison L G, Meals E A, et al. Prolonged viral
replication and longitudinal viral dynamic differences
among respiratory syncytial virus infected infants. Ped
Res 2017; 82: 872-80.
38.- Díaz P V, Valdivia G, Gaggero A A, Bono
M R, Zepeda G, Rivas M, et al. Pro-inflammatory
cytokines in nasopharyngheal aspirate from hospitalized
children with respiratory syncytial virus infection with
or without Rhinovirus Bronchiolitis and use of the cyto-
kines as predictors of illness severity Medicine 2015; 94
(39); e15122.
49.- Tabarani C M, Bonville CA, Surdeyavara
M, Branigan P, Wang D, Huang D, et al. Novel
inflammatory markers clinical risk factors and virus
type associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus
infection. Ped Infect Dis J 2013; 32: e437.
40.- Welliver T P Garofalo R P, Hosakote Y,
Hintz K H, Avendaño L, Sánchez K, et al.
Severe human lower respiratory tract illness caused
by respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus is
characterized by the absence of pulmonary cytotoxic
lymphocytes responses. J Infect Dis 2007; 195: 1126-36.
41.- Larrañaga C L, Ampuero S L, Luchsinger
V F, Carrion F A, Aguilar N V, Morales P R,
et al Impaired immune response in severe human lower
tract respiratory infection by respiratory syncytial virus
Ped Infect Dis J 2009; 28:867-73.
42.- Abu-Harb M, Bell F, Finn A, Rao WH, Nixon
L, Shale D, et al. IL-8 and neutrophil elastase levels
in the respiratory tract of infants with RSV bronchiolitis
Eur Respir J 1999; 14: 139-43.
43.- Gill MA, PaluckaAK, Barton T, Ghaffar
F, Jafri H, Banchereau J, et al. Mobilization of
plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells to mucosal
sites in children with respiratory syncytial virus and
other viral respiratory infections J Infect Dis 2005; 191:
105-15.
44.- Johnson T R, Mertz S E, Gitiban N, Ham-
mond S, Legallo R, Durbin R A, et al. Role for
innate IFNs in determining respiratory syncytial virus
immunopathology J Immunol 2005; 174: 7234-41.
45.- Pedraza-Sánchez S, Hise A G, Ramachan-
dra L, Arechavaleta-Velasco F, King C I.
Reduced frequency of a CD14+CD16+ monocyte subset
with high toll-like receptor 4 expression in cord blood
compared to adult blood contributes to lipolysaccharides
hyporesponsiveness in newborns. Clin Vaccine Immu-
nol 2013; 20: 96-71.
46.- Díaz P V, Pinto R A, Mamani R, Uasapud PA,
Bono M R, Gaggero AA, et al. Increased expres-
sion of the glucocorticoid receptor β in infants with RS
bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2012; 130: 804-11.
47.- Ohuma E O, Okiro E A, Ochola R, Sande C J,
Cane P A, Medley G F, et al. The natural history of
respiratory syncytial virus in a bird cohort: the influence
of age and previous infection on reinfection and disease.
Am J Epidemiol 2012; 176: 794-802.
48.- Luchsinger V, Piedra P A, Ruiz M, Zunino
E, Martínez MA, Machado C, et al. Role of neu-
tralizing antibodies in adults with community-acquired
pneumonia by respiratory syncytial virus. Clin Infect
Dis 2012; 54: 906-12.
49.- Ochola R, Sande C, Fegan G, Scott P D,
Medley G F, Cane PA, et al. The level and duration
of RSV specific maternal IgG in infants in Kilifi Kenya.
Plos One 4; e 8088 doi: 10,1371.
50.- Ponnappan S, Ponnappan U. Aging and immune
function: molecular mechanisms to interventions. Anti-
oxid Redox Signal 2011; 14: 1551-85.
51.- Busse P J, Mathur S K. Age- related changes in im-
mune function: effect on airway inflammation. J Alergy
Clin Immunol 2010; 126: 690-9.
52.- Russell C D, Unger SA, Walton M, Schwar-
ze J. The Human Immune response to respiratory
syncytial virus infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017; 30:
481-502.
El virus respiratorio sincicial: patógeno de niños… y de grandes
Rev Chil Enferm Respir 2017; 33: 293-302